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ZDNet>软件频道>中间件-zhiding>用J2ME实现简单电子邮件发送功能

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在GCF中并没有提供给我们能够发送电子邮件的API,J2ME的可选包也没有提供相关的功能。那么我们能用J2ME实现发送电子邮件功能嘛?答案是肯定的。本文将主要讲述如何在J2ME中实现发送电子邮件的功能。

来源:Csdn 2007年09月04日

关键字:电子邮件 J2ME

这里一个非常重要的思想就是代理。我们知道GCF提供给我们进行联网的能力了,比如通过Http联网。在MIDP2.0中甚至提供了socket联网的API。那么我们可以通过他们连接服务器端的程序比如servlet,然后servlet可以通过JavaMail提供的接口发送邮件。那么我们需要做的只是通过Http协议或者其他协议把邮件的标题、内容、收件人等发送给servlet。就是这个简单的思想却是非常灵活非常有用。

首先我们构造一个Message类来代表发送的消息。它包括主题、收件人和内容三个字段。

package com.j2medev.mail;

public class Message

{    private String to;

private String subject;

private String content;

public Message()

{

}

public Message(String to, String subject, String content)

{

this.to = to;

this.subject = subject;

this.content = content;

}

public String getContent()

{

return content;

}

public void setContent(String content)

{

this.content = content;

}

public String getSubject()

{

return subject;

}

public void setSubject(String subject)

{

this.subject = subject;



public String getTo()

{

return to;

}

public void setTo(String to)

{

this.to = to;

}



public String toString()

{

return to+subject+content;

}

}

在用户界面的设计上,我们需要两个界面。一个让用户输入收件人和主题,另一个用于收集用户输入的内容。由于TextBox要独占一个屏幕的,因此我们不能把他们放在一起。

/*

* Created on 2004-12-8

*

* TODO To change the template for this generated file go to

* Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates

*/

package com.j2medev.mail;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.Form;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.Item;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;

import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet;

/**

* @author P2800

*

* TODO To change the template for this generated type comment go to Window -

* Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates

*/

public class MainForm extends Form implements CommandListener

{

private MailClient midlet;

private TextField toField;

private TextField subField;   

private boolean first = true;

public static final Command nextCommand = new Command("NEXT", Command.OK, 1);

public MainForm(MailClient midlet, String arg0)

{

super(arg0);

this.midlet = midlet;

if(first)

{

first = false;

init();

}



}

public void init()

{

toField = new TextField("To:", null, 25, TextField.ANY);

subField = new TextField("Subject:", null, 30, TextField.ANY);

this.append(toField);

this.append(subField);

this.addCommand(nextCommand);

this.setCommandListener(this);       

}



public void commandAction(Command cmd,Displayable disp)

{

if(cmd == nextCommand)

{

String to = toField.getString();

String subject = subField.getString();

if(to == "" && subject == "")

{

midlet.displayAlert("Null to or sub",AlertType.WARNING,this);

}

else

{

midlet.getMessage().setTo(to);

midlet.getMessage().setSubject(subject);

midlet.getDisplay().setCurrent(midlet.getContentForm());

}

}

}

}

package com.j2medev.mail;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.Command;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.CommandListener;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.Displayable;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.TextBox;

import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet;

public class ContentForm extends TextBox implements CommandListener

{

private MailClient midlet;

private boolean first = true;

public static final Command sendCommand = new Command("SEND", Command.ITEM,

1);

public ContentForm(String arg0, String arg1, int arg2, int arg3,

MailClient midlet)

{

super(arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3);

this.midlet = midlet;

if (first)

{

first = false;

init();

}

}

public void init()

{

this.addCommand(sendCommand);

this.setCommandListener(this);

}

public void commandAction(Command cmd, Displayable disp)

{

if (cmd == sendCommand)

{

String content = this.getString();

midlet.getMessage().setContent(content);

System.out.println(midlet.getMessage());

try

{

synchronized (midlet)

{

midlet.notify();

}

} catch (Exception e)

{

}

}

}

}

最后我们完成MIDlet,在其中包括联网的程序代码,由于本站已经提供了很多关于J2ME联网的介绍,因此这里不再进行更多的解释。

package com.j2medev.mail;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet;

import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDletStateChangeException;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;

import javax.microedition.io.*;

public class MailClient extends MIDlet

{

private MainForm mainForm;

private ContentForm contentForm;

private Display display;

private Message message;

public Message getMessage()

{

return message;

}

public void setMessage(Message message)

{

this.message = message;

}

public void displayAlert(String text, AlertType type, Displayable disp)

{

Alert alert = new Alert("Application Error");

alert.setString(text);

alert.setType(type);

alert.setTimeout(2000);

display.setCurrent(alert, disp);

}



public ContentForm getContentForm()

{

return contentForm;

}

public Display getDisplay()

{

return display;

}



public MainForm getMainForm()

{

return mainForm;

}

public void initMIDlet()

{

MailThread t = new MailThread(this);

t.start();

message = new Message();

display = Display.getDisplay(this);

mainForm = new MainForm(this, "Simple Mail Client");

contentForm = new ContentForm("Content", null, 150, TextField.ANY, this);

display.setCurrent(mainForm);

}



protected void startApp() throws MIDletStateChangeException

{       

initMIDlet();

}

protected void pauseApp()

{  

}

protected void destroyApp(boolean arg0) throws MIDletStateChangeException

{     

}

}

class MailThread extends Thread

{

private MailClient midlet;

public MailThread(MailClient midlet)

{

this.midlet = midlet;

}

public void run()

{

synchronized(midlet)

{

try

{

midlet.wait();

}

catch(Exception e)

{

e.printStackTrace();

}



}

System.out.println("connecting to server.....");

HttpConnection httpConn = null;

DataOutputStream dos = null;



try

{

httpConn = (HttpConnection)Connector.open(

"http://localhost:8088/mail/maildo");

httpConn.setRequestMethod("POST");

dos = new DataOutputStream(httpConn.openOutputStream());

dos.writeUTF(midlet.getMessage().getTo());

dos.writeUTF(midlet.getMessage().getSubject());

dos.writeUTF(midlet.getMessage().getContent());

dos.close();

httpConn.close();

System.out.println("end of sending mail");

}

catch(IOException e)

{}

}}


在服务器端,我们要完成自己的servlet。他的任务比较简单就是接受客户端的数据然后通过JavaMail发送到指定的收件人那里。如果您对JavaMail还不熟悉请参考如下文章。这里直接给出servlet代码。

使用JavaMail实现收发电子邮件功能

使用Servlet发送电子邮件

package com.j2medev.servletmail;

import java.io.DataInputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import javax.mail.*;

import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import java.util.*;

import java.net.*;

public class MailServlet extends HttpServlet

{

private static String host;

private static String from;

public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException

{

super.init(config);

host = config.getInitParameter("host");

from = config.getInitParameter("from");

System.out.println(host + from);

}

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException

{

doPost(request, response);

}

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException

{



DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(request.getInputStream());

String send = dis.readUTF();

String subject = dis.readUTF();

String content = dis.readUTF();

try

{

Properties props = System.getProperties();

// Setup mail server

props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);

// Get session

Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null);

// Define message

MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);

// Set the from address

message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));

// Set the to address

message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(

send));

// Set the subject

message.setSubject(subject);

// Set the content

message.setText(content);

// Send message

Transport.send(message);

} catch (Exception e)

{

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" ?>

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"

"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">

<web-app>

<servlet>

<servlet-name>ServletMail</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>com.j2medev.servletmail.MailServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>host</param-name>

<param-value>smtp.263.net</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

 <param-name>from</param-name>

 <param-value>eric.zhan@263.net</param-value>

</init-param>

</servlet>



<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>ServletMail</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/maildo</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

<error-page>

<error-code>404</error-code>

<location>/error.jsp</location>

</error-page>

</web-app>

总结

本文更多要介绍的其实还是这个代理的思想,利用所学的知识灵活应用。不要局限于J2ME提供给你的API。文章中实现的客户端服务器都比较简单,也不够友好,如果感兴趣可以稍微修饰一下,对提高能力还是有帮助的。在MIDP中只是提供了RMS作为持久存储用,因此实现接受存储邮件不是很方便。如果手机支持FileConnection的话可以编写一个接受邮件的客户端。

查看本文来源

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