Linux攻略 SSH实用技巧及常用命令使用说明

SFTP 可以使用的命令

CD 改变目录

LS 列出文件

MKDIR

RMDIR

PWD

CHGRP

CHOWN

CHMOD

LN OLDNAEM NEWNAME

RM PATH

RENAME OLDNAME NEWNAEM

EXIT 推出

LCD PATH 改变当前目录到本机目录

LLS

LMKDIR

LPWD L=LOCALHOST

PUT LOCALHOST_PATH HOST_PATH

PUT 本机目录或者文件

GET 远程主机目录文件 本机目录

GET 远程主机目录或者文件

GET *

GET *.RPM

# $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.59 2002/09/25 11:17:16 markus Exp $

# This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file. See

# sshd_config(5) for more information.

# This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin

# The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with

# OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where

# possible, but leave them commented. Uncommented options change a

# default value.

#Port 22 SSH 默认的坚挺端口

#Protocol 2,1 选择SSH的版本

#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 监听的IP地址

#ListenAddress ::

# HostKey for protocol version 1

#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key SSH VERSION 1 使用的密钥

# HostKeys for protocol version 2

#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key SSH VERSION 2 使用的RSA私钥

#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key SSH VAESION 2 使用的 DSA私钥

# Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key

#KeyRegenerationInterval 3600 版本一的密钥从新生成时间间隔

#ServerKeyBits 768 SERVER_KEY 的长度

# Logging

#obsoletes QuietMode and FascistLogging

#SyslogFacility AUTH SSH登陆系统 记录信息 记录的位置 默认是/VAR/LOG/SECUER

SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV

#LogLevel INFO

# Authentication:

#UserLogin no 在SSH 下不接受LOGIN 程序登陆

#LoginGraceTime 120

#PermitRootLogin yes 是否让ROOT用户登陆

#StrictModes yes 用户的HOST_KEY 改面的时候不让登陆

#RSAAuthentication yes 是否使用纯的RAS认证 针对VERSION 1

#PubkeyAuthentication yes 是否使用PUBLIC_KEY 针对VERSION 2

#AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys 使用不需要密码登陆的的帐号时帐号的存放文件所在的文件名

# rhosts authentication should not be used

#RhostsAuthentication no 本机系统不使用 RHOSTS 使用RHOSTS 不安全

# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files

#IgnoreRhosts yes 是否取消上面的认证方式 当然选是

# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts

#RhostsRSAAuthentication no 不使用针对 VERSION 1 使用RHOSTS 文件在/ETC/HOSTS.EQUIV 配合RAS进行认证 不建议使用

# similar for protocol version 2

#HostbasedAuthentication no 针对VERSION 2 也是上面的功能

# Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for

# RhostsRSAAuthentication and HostbasedAuthentication

#IgnoreUserKnownHosts no 是否忽略主目录的 ~/.ssh/known_hosts文件记录

# To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here!

#PasswordAuthentication yes 是否需要密码验证

#PermitEmptyPasswords no 是否允许空密码登陆

# Change to no to disable s/key passwords

#ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes 挑战任何密码验证

# Kerberos options

#KerberosAuthentication no

#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes

#KerberosTicketCleanup yes

#AFSTokenPassing no

# Kerberos TGT Passing only works with the AFS kaserver

#KerberosTgtPassing no

# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM keyboard-interactive authentication

# Warning: enabling this may bypass the setting of 'PasswordAuthentication'

#PAMAuthenticationViaKbdInt no

#X11Forwarding no

X11Forwarding yes

#X11DisplayOffset 10

#X11UseLocalhost yes

#PrintMotd yes 是否显示上次登陆信息

#PrintLastLog yes 显示上次登陆信息

#KeepAlive yes 发送连接信息

#UseLogin no

#UsePrivilegeSeparation yes 用户权限设置

#PermitUserEnvironment no

#Compression yes

#MaxStartups 10 连接的画面的设置 从连接就是登陆画面

# no default banner path

#Banner /some/path

#VerifyReverseMapping no

# override default of no subsystems

Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server

DenyUsers * 设置受阻的用户 代表全部用户

DenyUsers test

DenyGroups test

SSH 自动登陆设置

１设置CLIENT端建立PUBLIC_KEY 和 PRIVATE_KEY

[TEST@TEST TEST] SSH-KEYGEN –T RSA //-T 说明使用RSA 加密算法

生成密钥的文件夹 $HOME/.SSH/ID_RSA

上传PUBLIC_KEY 到SERVER

SFTP TEST@TEST

LCD /HOME/.SSH

PUT ID_RSA.PUB

EXIT

登陆到SERVER

执行命令

[TEST@TEST SSH] CAT ../ID_RSA.PUB >> AUTHORIZED_KEYS

相关的安全设置

/ETC/SSH/SSHD_CONFIG

/ETC/HOSTS.ALLOW

/ETC/HOSTS.DENY

IPTABLES

编辑/ETC/HOSTS.DENY

SSHD : ALL :SPAWN (/BIN/ECHO SECURITY NOTICE FROM HOST `/BIN/HOSTNAME` ;\

/BIN/ECHO ; /USR/SBIN/SAFE_FINGER @%H )|\

/BIN/MAIL –S “%d -%H SECURITY” ROOT@LOCALHOST &\

:TWIST (/BIN/ECHO –E “\N\nWARNING connection not allowed. You attempt has been logged. \n\n\n 警告信息